Potassium administration via the intravenous route should only be used when the oral or enteral route is not available or will not achieve the required increase of serum potassium within a clinically acceptable time.

Wherever possible commercially available ready to use diluted solutions should be prescribed and used.

During initial replacement it may be preferable to use premixed infusions that are glucose-free.

Administration should be via a volumetric infusion pump.

The concentration of potassium for intravenous administration via a peripheral line should not exceed 40mmol/L, as higher strengths can cause phlebitis and pain.

The infusion site should be checked regularly for redness and inflammation.

Higher concentrations have been given in severe cases of hypokalaemia but should be given via the central venous route and require infusion pump control.

The rate of administration should not normally exceed 10mmol/hour

Administration rates above 20mmol/hour require cardiac monitoring.

Electrolytes should be monitored to determine the need for further infusions and to avoid hyperkalaemia.
Blood glucose should be monitored.

Your pharmacy department will be able to inform you of which ready prepared potassium solutions are kept within your hospital. This advice on the preparation and administration of potassium chloride only and does not include other available potassium salts.
Contact your pharmacy department for further advice on these other preparations.
The above apply only to Adult Patients.

G Mohan.